The SweetFX that is bundled with Reshade 12, it is causing Rage to crash on startup. If you use just the reshade without the sweetFX there is no game crash. The crash is before shaders load. It crashes immediately. Maybe something went wrong when you re-uploaded 12 without the nvidia color fix?
Here is the crash dump
dropcanvas.com/0kr0c
UPDATE: So I figured out that the game exe is crashing on startup only when SMAA is enabled within the SweetFX shaders. I toggled it off and the game doesn't crash.
Sure seems odd that SMAA is the issue since the game crashes immediately, not after the shaders load.